(AWARENESS
OF EMERGENCY OFFICER ON PATIENT HEARTBEAT AND TEMPERATURE MONITOR IN PATIENTS
ATTENDING EMERGENCY UNIT IN BMSH PORT HARCOURT)
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Heart
beat rate means the number of heartbeats per unit time, usually expressed as
beats per minute (bpm). The human heart pounds to pump oxygen rich blood to the
muscles and carry cell waste products away from the tissues. (G.E Billaman et
al; 2011) Heartbeat rate can vary according to the demand of the muscles to
absorb oxygen and excrete carbon dioxide changes such as during exercise or
sleep. It also varies significantly between individuals based on age, fitness
and genetics. This means that the heart must beat faster to deliver more oxygen
rich blood. During exercise routines, the heartbeat rate gives a strong
indication of how effective the exercise is to the body. (C.K Das, M.W Alam and
M.I Hoque et al; 2013).
The
awareness of emergency officer’s on patient monitoring systems is one of the
major improvements in the global health care program because of its advanced
technology. A patient monitoring system measures the heartbeat and body
temperature by using embedded technology. This advancement in technology is
highly needed because many sick patients at the hospitals die because of high
fever and heart attacks. The trend of cardiovascular disease has shown that
heart beat rate plays a key role in determining the possibility of a heart
attack while an increase in the body temperature can induce fever on a patient
(J.B Rubin and W.B Borden et al; 2012). Heart diseases such as heart attack,
coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, and congenital heart disease
are the leading causes of death for men and women in many countries. in the
perception of an emergency officer, Most of the time, the aged people of the
society are more prone to heart disease problems than the younger ones.
One
of the vital things to monitor on a patient is the body temperature. This has
to do with the measurement of the body's ability to generate and get rid of
heat. The typical body temperature is 37.0 °C ± 0.4°C (98.6 ° F ± 0.7°F). When
the body temperature is high, the blood vessels within the skin expand (dilate)
Another
vital thing to monitor in a patient is the heartbeat rate. based on the
perception and awareness of an emergency officer, It is very important that the
heartbeat is to be normal. That is 72 BPM. If there is any abnormality, then
the patient is in distress. Heartbeat rate means the number of heartbeats per
unit of time. The normal heartbeat rate of a resting person is about 70 bpm for
adult males and 75 bpm for adult females. The average heartbeat per minute for
25-year old ranges between 140-170 beats per minute while for a 60-year old it
is typically between 115-140 beats per minute and body temperature is 37 degree
Celsius or 98.6 Fahrenheit. .
1.2
Statement of the
Problem
The
human health is one of the most important concerns in the world today.
Anything/everything becomes meaningless when one becomes sick and dies due to
improper Medicare. For health reasons, people, governments and several
voluntary bodies spend a lot of money to ensure a better health condition for
themselves and the entire populace. Therefore this study has its focus on the
awareness of emergency officer on patients heartbeat and temperature monitor in
patients attending emergency unit in BMSH PH. It is discovered that Scientists
and Engineers are always at work to device a means of supporting/sustaining a
sound health condition for all.
1.3
Objectives
of the Study
The
main objective of this study is to examine the Awareness of Emergency Officer
on Patient Heartbeat and Temperature Monitor in Patients Attending Emergency
Unit in BMSH PH.
1) To
uncover the perception of emergency officers on patients heartbeat and
temperature monitor in patients attending emergency unit in BMSH PH.
2) To
uncover the importance on the using patient heartbeat and temperature monitor
in emergency unit in BMSH PH.
3) To
help hospitals and clinics advance to the use patient heartbeat and temperature
monitor device
4) To
uncover how effective is the use of patient heartbeat and temperature monitor
in patients attending emergency unit in BMSH PH.
1.4
Research
Questions
1. What
is the perception of patients heartbeat and temperature monitor in patients?
2. What
is the importance of using patient heartbeat and temperature monitor device for
patient in emergency unit?
3. What
are the steps taken to help hospitals and clinics advance to the use of patient
heartbeat and monitor device in patient?
4. How
effective is the use of patient heartbeat and temperature device for patients
in BMSH PH.
1.5
Significance
of the Study
There
are various instruments available in the emergency unit that is used to check
change of the internal body, but most of this instrument has limitation due to
the size, maintenance, prize etc. which an emergency officer is aware of. But
due the fact that the world is advancing and technology is upgrading, a new
instrument has been introduced which is the heartbeat and temperature monitor.
The
study was significant as it tries to uncover the awareness of an emergency
officer on patients heartbeat and temperature monitor in patients attending
emergency unit in BMSH PH. it also tries to show us why we should advance to
the use of patients heartbeat and temperature monitor device in the various
hospitals and clinics.
1.6
Scope
of the Study
The
study is limited to patients attending emergency unit at BMSH Port Harcourt. It
also deals with the awareness or perception of emergency officers on patients
heartbeat and temperature monitor.
1.7
Limitation
of the Study
The
research focuses on the awareness of emergency officer on patient’s heartbeat
and temperature monitor in patients attending emergency unit in BMSH PH. wide
research of this nature cannot be carried out without some constraints pose a
lot of limitation to this work.
1. Duration
of the research was relatively short
2. Stress
emanating from other academic activities is also another constrain.
3. Little
material available because of area of coverage
4. Financial
constrains was another challenges
5. Most
information is gathered through internet journals and textbooks.
1.8
Definition
of Terms
Awareness: Awareness is the ability to
directly know and perceive, to feel, or to be cognizant of events. More
broadly, it is the state of being conscious
of something.
Emergency Officer: Emergency officers
are people who are trained to be the first line of response in any emergency
situation.
Patient: A
patient is any recipient of health care
services. The patient is most often ill
or injured and in need of treatment
by a physician,
advanced practice registered nurse,
physiotherapist, physician assistant, psychologist,
dentist,
podiatrist,
veterinarian,
or other health care provider.
Heartbeat: a
pulsation of the heart,
including one complete systole and diastole.
Temperature: Temperature is a physical quantity
expressing hot and cold.
Temperature is measured with a thermometer,
historically calibrated in various temperature scales
and units of measurement.
Monitor: A
device used for observing, checking, or keeping a continuous record of
something.
Emergency: Sudden,
unexpected, or impending situation that may cause injury, loss of life, damage
to the property, and/or interference with the normal activities of a person or
firm and which, therefore, requires immediate attention and remedial action.
Unit: A
department of an institution with a specific function.
